[TIL] 유데미X사람인 취업 부트캠프 1기 10주차

[2월 14일]

1. node.ts 환경 세팅

(1) .gitignore 파일 만들기

- 터미널에 입력

git init
touch .gitignore

- .gitignore에 작성

 

(2) npm 환경 세팅

npm init -y		//package.json 파일 생성	
npm i			//package-lock.json 파일 생성
npm i -D typescript ts-node @types/node		//node_modules 폴더 생성

 

(3) 실행할 파일을 대충 만들어주기 : root에 src폴더 생성 & src폴더에 main.ts 생성, 콘솔로그로 숫자 암거나 찍어주기 ㅋ

 

(4) tsconfig.json 파일 만들기

- 터미널에 입력

npx tsc --init		//tsconfig.json 생성

- tsconfig.ts 접은글과 같이 수정

(declaration, sourceMap, sourceRoot 주석 해제하고 "outDir":"./dist" 이렇게 수정했음)

{
  "compilerOptions": {
    /* Visit https://aka.ms/tsconfig to read more about this file */

    /* Projects */
    // "incremental": true,                              /* Save .tsbuildinfo files to allow for incremental compilation of projects. */
    // "composite": true,                                /* Enable constraints that allow a TypeScript project to be used with project references. */
    // "tsBuildInfoFile": "./.tsbuildinfo",              /* Specify the path to .tsbuildinfo incremental compilation file. */
    // "disableSourceOfProjectReferenceRedirect": true,  /* Disable preferring source files instead of declaration files when referencing composite projects. */
    // "disableSolutionSearching": true,                 /* Opt a project out of multi-project reference checking when editing. */
    // "disableReferencedProjectLoad": true,             /* Reduce the number of projects loaded automatically by TypeScript. */

    /* Language and Environment */
    "target": "es2016",                                  /* Set the JavaScript language version for emitted JavaScript and include compatible library declarations. */
    // "lib": [],                                        /* Specify a set of bundled library declaration files that describe the target runtime environment. */
    // "jsx": "preserve",                                /* Specify what JSX code is generated. */
    // "experimentalDecorators": true,                   /* Enable experimental support for legacy experimental decorators. */
    // "emitDecoratorMetadata": true,                    /* Emit design-type metadata for decorated declarations in source files. */
    // "jsxFactory": "",                                 /* Specify the JSX factory function used when targeting React JSX emit, e.g. 'React.createElement' or 'h'. */
    // "jsxFragmentFactory": "",                         /* Specify the JSX Fragment reference used for fragments when targeting React JSX emit e.g. 'React.Fragment' or 'Fragment'. */
    // "jsxImportSource": "",                            /* Specify module specifier used to import the JSX factory functions when using 'jsx: react-jsx*'. */
    // "reactNamespace": "",                             /* Specify the object invoked for 'createElement'. This only applies when targeting 'react' JSX emit. */
    // "noLib": true,                                    /* Disable including any library files, including the default lib.d.ts. */
    // "useDefineForClassFields": true,                  /* Emit ECMAScript-standard-compliant class fields. */
    // "moduleDetection": "auto",                        /* Control what method is used to detect module-format JS files. */

    /* Modules */
    "module": "commonjs",                                /* Specify what module code is generated. */
    // "rootDir": "./",                                  /* Specify the root folder within your source files. */
    // "moduleResolution": "node10",                     /* Specify how TypeScript looks up a file from a given module specifier. */
    // "baseUrl": "./",                                  /* Specify the base directory to resolve non-relative module names. */
    // "paths": {},                                      /* Specify a set of entries that re-map imports to additional lookup locations. */
    // "rootDirs": [],                                   /* Allow multiple folders to be treated as one when resolving modules. */
    // "typeRoots": [],                                  /* Specify multiple folders that act like './node_modules/@types'. */
    // "types": [],                                      /* Specify type package names to be included without being referenced in a source file. */
    // "allowUmdGlobalAccess": true,                     /* Allow accessing UMD globals from modules. */
    // "moduleSuffixes": [],                             /* List of file name suffixes to search when resolving a module. */
    // "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,               /* Allow imports to include TypeScript file extensions. Requires '--moduleResolution bundler' and either '--noEmit' or '--emitDeclarationOnly' to be set. */
    // "resolvePackageJsonExports": true,                /* Use the package.json 'exports' field when resolving package imports. */
    // "resolvePackageJsonImports": true,                /* Use the package.json 'imports' field when resolving imports. */
    // "customConditions": [],                           /* Conditions to set in addition to the resolver-specific defaults when resolving imports. */
    // "resolveJsonModule": true,                        /* Enable importing .json files. */
    // "allowArbitraryExtensions": true,                 /* Enable importing files with any extension, provided a declaration file is present. */
    // "noResolve": true,                                /* Disallow 'import's, 'require's or '<reference>'s from expanding the number of files TypeScript should add to a project. */

    /* JavaScript Support */
    // "allowJs": true,                                  /* Allow JavaScript files to be a part of your program. Use the 'checkJS' option to get errors from these files. */
    // "checkJs": true,                                  /* Enable error reporting in type-checked JavaScript files. */
    // "maxNodeModuleJsDepth": 1,                        /* Specify the maximum folder depth used for checking JavaScript files from 'node_modules'. Only applicable with 'allowJs'. */

    /* Emit */
    "declaration": true,                              /* Generate .d.ts files from TypeScript and JavaScript files in your project. */
    // "declarationMap": true,                           /* Create sourcemaps for d.ts files. */
    // "emitDeclarationOnly": true,                      /* Only output d.ts files and not JavaScript files. */
    "sourceMap": true,                                /* Create source map files for emitted JavaScript files. */
    // "inlineSourceMap": true,                          /* Include sourcemap files inside the emitted JavaScript. */
    // "outFile": "./",                                  /* Specify a file that bundles all outputs into one JavaScript file. If 'declaration' is true, also designates a file that bundles all .d.ts output. */
    "outDir": "./dist",                                   /* Specify an output folder for all emitted files. */
    // "removeComments": true,                           /* Disable emitting comments. */
    // "noEmit": true,                                   /* Disable emitting files from a compilation. */
    // "importHelpers": true,                            /* Allow importing helper functions from tslib once per project, instead of including them per-file. */
    // "importsNotUsedAsValues": "remove",               /* Specify emit/checking behavior for imports that are only used for types. */
    // "downlevelIteration": true,                       /* Emit more compliant, but verbose and less performant JavaScript for iteration. */
    "sourceRoot": "src",                                 /* Specify the root path for debuggers to find the reference source code. */
    // "mapRoot": "",                                    /* Specify the location where debugger should locate map files instead of generated locations. */
    // "inlineSources": true,                            /* Include source code in the sourcemaps inside the emitted JavaScript. */
    // "emitBOM": true,                                  /* Emit a UTF-8 Byte Order Mark (BOM) in the beginning of output files. */
    // "newLine": "crlf",                                /* Set the newline character for emitting files. */
    // "stripInternal": true,                            /* Disable emitting declarations that have '@internal' in their JSDoc comments. */
    // "noEmitHelpers": true,                            /* Disable generating custom helper functions like '__extends' in compiled output. */
    // "noEmitOnError": true,                            /* Disable emitting files if any type checking errors are reported. */
    // "preserveConstEnums": true,                       /* Disable erasing 'const enum' declarations in generated code. */
    // "declarationDir": "./",                           /* Specify the output directory for generated declaration files. */
    // "preserveValueImports": true,                     /* Preserve unused imported values in the JavaScript output that would otherwise be removed. */

    /* Interop Constraints */
    // "isolatedModules": true,                          /* Ensure that each file can be safely transpiled without relying on other imports. */
    // "verbatimModuleSyntax": true,                     /* Do not transform or elide any imports or exports not marked as type-only, ensuring they are written in the output file's format based on the 'module' setting. */
    // "allowSyntheticDefaultImports": true,             /* Allow 'import x from y' when a module doesn't have a default export. */
    "esModuleInterop": true,                             /* Emit additional JavaScript to ease support for importing CommonJS modules. This enables 'allowSyntheticDefaultImports' for type compatibility. */
    // "preserveSymlinks": true,                         /* Disable resolving symlinks to their realpath. This correlates to the same flag in node. */
    "forceConsistentCasingInFileNames": true,            /* Ensure that casing is correct in imports. */

    /* Type Checking */
    "strict": true,                                      /* Enable all strict type-checking options. */
    // "noImplicitAny": true,                            /* Enable error reporting for expressions and declarations with an implied 'any' type. */
    // "strictNullChecks": true,                         /* When type checking, take into account 'null' and 'undefined'. */
    // "strictFunctionTypes": true,                      /* When assigning functions, check to ensure parameters and the return values are subtype-compatible. */
    // "strictBindCallApply": true,                      /* Check that the arguments for 'bind', 'call', and 'apply' methods match the original function. */
    // "strictPropertyInitialization": true,             /* Check for class properties that are declared but not set in the constructor. */
    // "noImplicitThis": true,                           /* Enable error reporting when 'this' is given the type 'any'. */
    // "useUnknownInCatchVariables": true,               /* Default catch clause variables as 'unknown' instead of 'any'. */
    // "alwaysStrict": true,                             /* Ensure 'use strict' is always emitted. */
    // "noUnusedLocals": true,                           /* Enable error reporting when local variables aren't read. */
    // "noUnusedParameters": true,                       /* Raise an error when a function parameter isn't read. */
    // "exactOptionalPropertyTypes": true,               /* Interpret optional property types as written, rather than adding 'undefined'. */
    // "noImplicitReturns": true,                        /* Enable error reporting for codepaths that do not explicitly return in a function. */
    // "noFallthroughCasesInSwitch": true,               /* Enable error reporting for fallthrough cases in switch statements. */
    // "noUncheckedIndexedAccess": true,                 /* Add 'undefined' to a type when accessed using an index. */
    // "noImplicitOverride": true,                       /* Ensure overriding members in derived classes are marked with an override modifier. */
    // "noPropertyAccessFromIndexSignature": true,       /* Enforces using indexed accessors for keys declared using an indexed type. */
    // "allowUnusedLabels": true,                        /* Disable error reporting for unused labels. */
    // "allowUnreachableCode": true,                     /* Disable error reporting for unreachable code. */

    /* Completeness */
    // "skipDefaultLibCheck": true,                      /* Skip type checking .d.ts files that are included with TypeScript. */
    "skipLibCheck": true                                 /* Skip type checking all .d.ts files. */
  }
}

 

(5) dist 폴더 만들기

npm i -D concurrently

- package.json 안에 scripts에서 test내용 지우고 아래 입력

"dev" : "concurrently 'tsc --watch --project tsconfig.json' 'node --watch dist/main.js'"

- npm run dev 실행시 dist폴더 생김

 

2. 서버 만들기

(1) express

- Node.js를 사용해 쉽게 서버를 구성할 수 있게 만든 라이브러리

- 사용을 위해 express를 설치해줌

npm install express
npm install express @types/express

- express를 임포트, 서버는 5555로 설정

import express from 'express';

const app = express();
const port = 5555;

 

(2) bodyParser

- 클라이언트인 html파일에서 서버로 보낼데이터를 파싱 (즉 서버에서 클라이언트의 요청을 알아들을 수 있게 해주는 역할)

- bodyparser 설치

npm install body-parser

- bodyParser를 사용할 수 있도록 app.use 활용

app.use(bodyParser.json());

- 사용 예시

//전체코드

import express from 'express';
import bodyParser from 'body-parser';

const app = express();
const port = 5555;

app.use(bodyParser.json());

app.get("/", (req, res) => {
    res.send("HelloWorld")
});

app.listen(port);

- npm run dev 결과

 

3. Json불러오기

(1) posts.json 파일 만들기

- https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts 에서 전체 복사

- src/data 폴더에 posts.json 파일 생성 후 붙여넣기

- import posts from './data/post.json'

(import가 안된다면 tsconfig에서 아래 두 가지 주석 해제)

  "resolveJsonModule": true,
  "esModuleInterop":true

 

(2) 서버로 불러오기

- 기본 구조 : express명.요청("경로", (요청, 응답) => {내용})

- 전체 포스트 불러오기

app.get("/posts", (req, res) => {
    const postId = req.query.postId;
    if (postId) {
        const post = posts.find((post) => post.id === Number(postId));
        res.json(post);
    } else {
        res.json(posts);
    }
    res.json(posts)
});

- npm run dev 결과

 

- 개별 포스트 id 로 불러오기

app.get("/posts/:postId", (req, res) => {
    const postId = req.params.postId;
    const post = posts.find((post) => post.id === Number(postId));
})

- 결과

 

4. cdd crud

(1) src/app.ts

import bodyParser from 'body-parser';
import express from 'express'

const app = express();
const port = 5555;
const jsonParser = bodyParser.json();

app.use(jsonParser);


app.listen(port, () => {
    console.log(`Server is running on ${port}`);
})

 

(2) src/types/ballang.type.ts

- 서버와의 통신이 성공할 경우와 실패할 경우의 상황을 정의

export type BallangResponse<D = null> =
    |{
        success: true;
        result: D;
        error: null;
    }|{
        success: false;
        result: null;
        error: { message: string };
    }

 

(3) src/contexts/brands/brands.type.ts

- Brand의 타입을 선언 후 export

export interface Brand {
    id: number;
    nameKr: string;
    nameEn: string;
}

 

 

(4) src/contexts/brands/brands.model.ts

- crud 생성해야됨

- 기본 URL을 axios를 사용해 가져온다

- axios 설치

npm i axios

import axios from 'axios';

const client = axios.create({
    baseURL: "베이스 url",
});

- 브랜드 전체를 가져오는 함수는 findAll, 개별 브랜드를 가져오는 함수는 findOne

class BrandModel {
    findAll() {}
    findOne() {}
}

- findAll 

    - 전체를 불러오므로 인자를 받지 않는다

    - 미리 만들어둔 BallangResponse과 Brand를 사용해 경로 /brands의 응답을 요청하고, 그 결과를 data에 저장한다

    - data.success가 false라면, 에러를 던진다

    - 그렇지 않다면 brands에 저장해 리턴한다

- findOne

    - 백틱을 사용해서 브랜드 아이디를 경로에 넣어준다

import axios from 'axios';
import { BallangResponse } from '../../types/ballang.type';
import { Brand } from './brand.type';

const client = axios.create({
    baseURL: "",
});

class BrandsModel {
    async findAll() {
        const response = await client.get<BallangResponse<Brand[]>>("/brands");
        const data = response.data;

        if (!data.success) throw new Error(data.error.message);

        const brands = data.result;

        return brands;
    }
    async findOne(brandId: number) {
        const response = await client.get<BallangResponse<Brand[]>>(`/brands/${brandId}`);
        const data = response.data;

        if(!data.success) throw new Error(data.error.message)

        const brand = data.result;

        return brand;
    }
}

 

[2월 15일]

1. EXPRESS 심화

(1) 기본 경로 설정

app.METHOD(PATH, HANDLER)

app.get('/', (req, res) => {
    res.send('Hello World!')
})

app.post('/', (req, res) => {
    res.send('Hello World!')
})

app.put('/user', (req, res) => {
    res.send('Hello World!')
})

app.delete('/user', (req, res) => {
    res.send('Hello World!')
})

- 미들웨어와 연결

app.all('/secret', (req, res, next) => {
    console.log('Accessing the secret session');
    next();
});

 

 

[2월 16일]